Hadith Illumination: Exploring Nawab Siddique Hasan Khan's Legacy

Abstract

This research explores the significant contributions of Nawab Ṣiddique Ḥasan Khan (1832-1890), a distinguished scholar from India, to the field of Islamic studies, with a particular focus on Ḥadith. Nawab's profound impact on the Muslim world stems from his dedicated efforts in religious sciences and societal services. As a prolific and gifted author, he extensively covered theology, Quran, Ḥadith, Fiqh, Islamic history, culture, ethics, politics, and economics, showcasing a comprehensive understanding of Islam and its fundamental sciences. Belonging to the Ahl-i-Ḥadith group, Nawab was a strict Sunnite and non-conformist traditionalist, rejecting the authority of medieval Muslim Scholars in favor of individual judgment based on the Quran and the Prophet's sayings. As an eminent Muḥaddith, he vehemently opposed weak and fabricated Ahadith, defending the legislative position of Ḥadith and acknowledging the six canonical books known as al-Ṣihah al-Sittah. His works were recognized for their richness and high research standards. Nawab's valuable contribution as a religious reformer lies in reviving the dynamic and straightforward religion of Islam, particularly as practiced by the early Muslims (Salaf-i-Saliḥin). He emphasized the study of original Islamic sources, challenging the prevalent doctrine of Taqlid in India. As a moderate religious thinker, Nawab opposed fitnah and chaos in religious matters, advocating for the closure of politically motivated controversial issues. His stance against religious innovations, including Bid‘ah and Bid‘ah Hasanah, reflects his commitment to the authenticity of Sunnah. In the realm of Sufism, Nawab, a reformist sufi, endorsed sufism while strictly adhering to the sacred law. He rejected pantheism/unity of being and incarnation, emphasizing adherence to the teachings of the Quran and Sunnah. The present study used the secondary data for analysing the contribution.  This research aims to delve into the nuanced contributions of Nawab Ṣiddique Ḥasan Khan to Quranic and Ḥadith studies, recognizing the challenges posed by the condition and quality of his published works. Emphasizing his grand personality and multifaceted contributions to Islamic learning, the study sheds light on the enduring impact of his scholarship on the global Muslim community.